The early origins of English lesson review

5th century: the anglo saxon invasions

• Four major dialects emerge in England: northumbrian in the north, merian in the midlands, west saxon in the south and west and kentish in the south east.
• Words borrowed from latin - angel, bishop, candle, giant, noon, street

8th century: the viking invasions

• 787 - vikings began raiding Britian and continued until 11th century - ruled most of England in less than 100 years.
• Anglo saxons strike back under Alfred the Great in 878.
• Danes restricted to the 'Danelane' by 980 by a series of 'fresh assaults', bring rest of England under rule of a danish king
• Kennings - 'Sail road' for sea, and modern Kennings 'karate juice' for alcohol
• Scandinavian loan words - awkward, crawl, knife, reindeer, weak

1066: The norman conquest

• 20,000 words from English, Latin and French - chancellor, government, mayor, abbey, miracle, bail, evidence.
• 1066 william of normandy invades England ushering a new social linguistic era.
• French is rapidly established as the language of power